Examples: Furosemide, ethacrynic acid, bumetanide
Indications: fluid overload, heart failure
Dosing: most loop diuretics can be dosed once daily in the morning to achieve diuresis. At higher doses, it may split into two doses, with the second dose given in the early afternoon.
Adverse Effects:
-dizziness and hypotension
-electrolyte depletion: hyponatremia, hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia
-hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia
-gout attack
-tinnitus
-increased creatinine levels
-photosensitivity
Drug Interactions:
-digoxin - increased risk of digoxin toxicity due to electrolyte disturbance by loop diuretics
-lithium - increased lithium levels and toxicity
-additive hypotension with anti-hypertensives and SGLT2 inhibitors